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The Manila Light Rail Transit System, popularly and informally known as the LRT, is a metropolitan rail system serving the Metro Manila area in the Philippines. Although referred to as a light rail system because it originally used light rail vehicles, it has characteristics that make it more akin to a rapid transit (metro) system, such as high passenger throughput, exclusive right-of-way and later use of full metro rolling stock. The system is operated by the Light Rail Transit Authority (LRTA), a government-owned and controlled corporation under the authority of the Department of Transportation and Communications (DOTC). Along with the Manila Metro Rail Transit System (MRT-3, also called the new Yellow Line), and Philippine National Railways's commuter line, the system makes up Metro Manila's rail infrastructure. Quick and inexpensive to ride, the system serves 2.1 million passengers each day. Its of mostly elevated route form two lines which serve in total. LRT Line 1 (LRT-1), also called the Green Line (formerly ''Yellow Line''), opened in 1984 and travels a north–south route. LRT Line 2 (LRT-2), the Blue Line (formerly ''Purple Line''), was completed in 2004 and runs east–west. The original LRT-1 was built as a no-frills means of public transport and lacks some features and comforts, but the new LRT-2 has been built with additional standards and criteria in mind like barrier-free access. Security guards at each station conduct inspections and provide assistance. A reusable plastic magnetic ticketing system has replaced the previous token-based system, and the Flash Pass introduced as a step towards a more integrated transportation system. Many passengers who ride the system also take various forms of road-based public transport, such as buses, to and from a station to reach their intended destination. Although it aims to reduce traffic congestion and travel times in the metropolis, the transportation system has only been partially successful due to the rising number of motor vehicles and rapid urbanization. The network's expansion is set on tackling this problem. ==Network== The network consists of two lines: the original LRT Line 1 (LRT-1) or Green Line, and the more modern LRT Line 2 (LRT-2), or Blue Line. The LRT-1 is aligned in a general north–south direction along over 17.2 kilometers (10.7 mi) of fully elevated track. From Monumento it runs south above the hustle and bustle of Rizal and Taft Avenues along grade-separated concrete viaducts allowing exclusive right-of-way before ending in Baclaran.〔(The LRT Line 1 System - The Yellow Line ). (2010 ). Light Rail Transit Authority. Retrieved January 19, 2010.〕〔United Nations Centre for Human Settlements. (1993). (''Provision of Travelway Space for Urban Public Transport in Developing Countries'' ). UN–HABITAT. pp. 15, 26–70, 160–179. ISBN 92-1-131220-5.〕 A four-station east–west extension along Epifanio de los Santos Avenue that will connect Monumento to the North Avenue MRT Station is currently under construction. Including the extension's two recently opened stations, Balintawak and Roosevelt, the LRT-1 has twenty stations.〔("LRT opens Balintawak station" ). (March 22, 2010). ''ABS-CBN News and Current Affairs''. Retrieved March 24, 2010.〕 The LRT-2 or Line 2 consists of eleven stations in a general east–west direction over 13.8 kilometers (8.57 mi) of mostly elevated track, with one station lying underground. Commencing in Recto, the line follows a corridor defined by Claro M. Recto and Legarda Avenues, Ramon Magsaysay and Aurora Boulevards, and the Marikina-Infanta Highway before reaching the other end of the line at Santolan.〔(The LRT Line 2 System - The Purple Line ). (2010 ). Light Rail Transit Authority. Retrieved January 19, 2010.〕 The system passes through the cities of Caloocan, Manila, Marikina, Pasay, Pasig, Quezon City, and San Juan. Every day around 430,000 passengers board the LRT-1, and 175,000 ride the LRT-2.〔()〕〔()〕 During peak hours, the LRT-1 fields 24 trains; the time interval between the departure of one and the arrival of another, called ''headway'', is a minimum of 3 minutes. The LRT-2 runs 12 trains with a minimum headway of 5 minutes. With the proper upgrades, the Yellow Line is designed to potentially run with headway as low as 1.5 minutes.〔Gardner, Geoff and Francis Kuhn. (1992). (''Appropriate Mass Transit in Developing Cities'' ). Paper presented at the 6th World Conference on Transport Research, Lyon, June, 1992. p. 7. Retrieved March 11, 2010 from UK Department for International Development's Transport-Links Website.〕 The LRT-2 can run with headway as low as 2 minutes with throughput of up to 60,000 passengers per hour per direction (pphpd).〔Halcrow. (2010). (Manila light rail transit – Purple Line ). Retrieved May 16, 2010 from Halcrow Website.〕 In conjunction with the MRT-3—also known as the new Yellow Line, a similar but separate metro rail system operated by the private Metro Rail Transit Corporation (MRTC)—the system provides the platform for the vast majority of rail travel in the Metro Manila area. Together with the PNR, the three constitute the SRTS. Recto and Doroteo Jose serve as the sole interchange between both lines of the LRTA. Araneta Center-Cubao and EDSA stations serve as interchanges between the LRTA and the MRTC networks. To transfer lines, passengers will need to exit from the station they are in then pass through covered walkways connecting the stations.〔(The Missing Links: Now a Reality ). (2006 ). Light Rail Transit Authority. Retrieved April 7, 2006.〕 Blumentritt LRT Station meanwhile is immediately above its PNR counterpart. Baclaran, Central Terminal, and Monumento are the LRT-1's three terminal stations; Recto, Araneta Center-Cubao, and Santolan are the terminal stations on the LRT-2. All of them are located on or near major transport routes where passengers can take other forms of transportation such as privately run buses and jeepneys to reach their ultimate destination both within Metro Manila and in neighboring provinces. The system has two depots: the LRT-1 uses the Pasay Depot at LRTA headquarters in Pasay, near Baclaran station, while the LRT-2 uses the Santolan Depot built by Sumitomo in Pasig.〔〔〔〔("Contact Us" ). (2010 ). Light Rail Transit Authority. Retrieved March 11, 2010.〕 The LRT-1 and LRT-2 are open every day of the year from 5:00 am PST (UTC+8) until 10:00 pm on weekdays, and from 5:00 am until 9:30 pm on weekends, except when changes have been announced. Notice of special schedules is given through press releases, via the public address system in every station, and on the LRTA website.〔(Train Schedule ). (2010 ). Light Rail Transit Authority. Retrieved January 19, 2010.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Manila Light Rail Transit System」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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